Building block



July 3, 1934. J. A. GRAYDON 1,964,816

BUILDING BLOCK Filed Feb. 24. 1931 Patented July 3, 1934 .PATENT OFFICE BUILDING 'I3-LOCK -J ohn Alpin Graydon, New York, `N. Y. Application February 24, 1931, Serial rNo. 5172760 4 Claims.

My invention relates to `building blocks, units which are 'wholly or .partly formed of cementitious material, and which are given a shap'ejby means `of which they lare conveniently adapted to l be assembled into walls, floors, ceilings, etc.

:It y-is desirable to make slabs or plates of cementitious'material, which are to -be used for building `purposes as units to be assembled to each other, as thin as possible in Aorder to reduce the 110 weight and cost of such slabs. But such slabs,

when executed in larger sizes, offer Idifficulties in transportation, handling, and after erection, because they are more or less brittle, andare easly broken or damaged even when they are J suitably reenforced. Parts `of such slabs are vof course frequently assembled into blocks, with a -holiowspace in between, such 'hollow space being highlydesirable for Apurposes of heatand soundinsulation. However, large blocks of this kind Z0 are not easy to make in a uniform strength and they usually cause still greater trouble in handling than the plain `slabs orplates referred to above.

It has been one of the objects of my invention to assemble cementitious slabs and plates in such f manner, that they form strong and durable blocks for building construction, yet their weight is reduced to a minimum, so that they are convenient means for economical construction work.

Another object of my invention is to assemble Y a plurality of substantially parallel slabs into building blocks by yieldable, ductile means, which reduce the rigidity of the block as a whole, providing elastic cushioning means between the plates or slabs, but still preserving the form of the block as a Whole.

Another object of my invention is to join building slabs by metallic means which longitudinally and cross-wise form a rigid bracing, which, however, are kept at a minimum weight.

Another object of my invention is to connect two substantially parallel building blocks by a receded rigid wall extending substantially around the whole area between said slabs, thus forming a true hollow block.

Another object of my invention is to provide walls connecting two cementitious slabs, which are anchored in said slabs without substantially impairing the strength of each slab.

Another object of my invention is to provide in a building block of my invention, means facilitating the assembling of said blocks into walls, oors, ceilings, etc.

'I'hese and other objects of my invention will be more clearly understood from the accompanying drawing, in which,

Fig. 1 shows-'apartly sectioned perspective View of a building block of my invention.

Fig. 2 shows, inia similar, but sectional View, a modification of the vouter frame which connects the ce'mentitious blocks.

Fig. 3 shows, in aperspective view, the manner which I jassemble `the blocks of my invention.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts `throughout ythe various views:-

The `upper yand lower cementitious slabs 5 and 6 65 =of my ybuilding block 'are conveniently reenforced by a mesh 7 of wires 8 which are embedded in `said slabs near the outer surfaces thereof. Between Ethe two v*slabs `extends ya rectangular sheet metal iframe y9. The upper and lower edges 10 of 7:0 A"said frame f'extend toa certain distance into the two lslabs 5 and `6 and the parts of said frame thus extending into the slabs `are perforated by elongated holes 11, through which extends the material =of thefslabs, so that the 'frame 9 is an- 75 'chored in the tw'o slabs all around the circumference of each slab; it being understood th'at the two slabs are substantially symmetrical, in respect to the reenforcing means thereof, as well as in respect to the manner in which the bracing between the slabs is anchored in said slabs. Upon the inside of the block are arranged a plurality of vertical bracing wires 12 which extend from one slab into the other, and which are connected by longitudinal wires 13 and 14 to form a mesh S5 15. These longitudinal wires 13 and 14 are rigidly tied upon the vertical wires 12 at the crossing points by welding, brazing or soldering, and they respectively extend within the slabs, connecting the ends of the vertical wires, and in the space between the slabs, connecting the intermediary points of the vertical wires.

It is understood that the elongated holes 11' are completely disposed within the slabs 5 and 6. Instead of anchoring the rectangular frame in the two slabs by means of said elongated holes 11,

I may resort to the modification shown in Fig. 2. The frame part 16, which is made of sheet material, is in this case only of such a height that it just extends into the two slabs 5 and 6. In 100 other words, its width is substantially the width which the frame 9 has between the elongated holes 1l in Fig. 1 extending therethrough near the top and bottom edges thereof. Onto the outside of this frame 16 is mechanically fastened or 105 welded, brazed or soldered, (welds 17) a screen 18 which is similar to the mesh 15 as far as the vertical wires 19, and the horizontal wires 20 and 21 are concerned, which respectively correspond to the wires 12, 13 and 14 of the mesh 15, but which i110 mesh 18 diiers from the screen of Fig. 1 in respect to an outward bulging 22 of the vertical wires 19, said vertical wires being also provided with extensions 23 which are angularly bent down and up, over the upper and lower horizontal wires 20 of the mesh 18, respectively, so that the free ends of these extensions extend into the groove 24 confronted by the outside-of the frame and the inner faces of the slabs. The free ends 23 and the bulging parts 22 of the wire, together with the horizontal wires 21 connecting said bulging parts, serve as means for anchoring concrete which may be filled into the adjoining grooves 24 of blocks adjoining each other when assembled in a building construction, in order to provide a rigid connection between such adjoining blocks. Y

A detail of constructing buildings with my blocks is shown in Fig. 3, where two building blocks 25 and 26 are set against-each other rectangularly in T-shape. The slab 27 of block 26, against which rests the block 25, is receded along its edge so as to form a slot or notch 28 which has the width and depth of the groove 24 extending around the slab 25, the bottom of the slot being in alignment with the box part 29 connectingthe slabs making up the block 26. When such notches or slots 28 are provided upon the slabs, a bar 30 of structural steel may be laid into the groove 24 of block 25 and extend into the corresponding groove of block 26, where it is anchored, thus providing simple means which preserve the aligning between the blocks 25 and 26.

The frame part connecting adjoining slabs, for instance 27, is shown in this casev to be a screen 29, the mesh of which is wide enough to allow the concrete 31 filled into the grooves between adjoining blocks 26 and 32 to engage thereupon, said mesh being however, not wide enough to permit said concrete to enter freely into the hollow space upon the inside of the block which hollow f space is confronted by the slabs and the angular i frame.

While I have shown and described my invention with some degree of particularity, it will be realized that other modifications and changes may be resorted to under special conditions. I therefore do not wish to be limited and restricted to the exact details shown and described, but reserve the right to make such changes and modifications as may fairly fall within the scope of the subject matter now being claimed.

I claim:-

1. A building block comprising flat cementitious slabs, longitudinal and transverse metal walls anchored in said slabs, spacing said slabs in substantial parallelism, and substantially enclosing the space between said slabs, and metal rods extending between said slabs in the enclosure formed by said walls between said slabs.

2. A building block comprising flat cementitious slabs, longitudinal and transverse metal walls anchored in said slabs, spacing said slabs in substantial parallelism, and substantially enclosing the space between said slabs, and metal rods extending substantially at right angles between said slabs in the enclosure formed by saidv walls between said slabs.

3. A building block comprising substantially registering concrete slabs, substantially at metal walls, uniformly set back from the sides of said slabs and extending therebetween, and anchoring means extending from said walls into the space confronted by said walls andthe parts of the slabs marginally extending outwardly beyond said walls.

4. A building block comprising substantially registering concrete slabs, substantially flat metal walls, uniformly set back from the sides of said slabs and extending therebetween, and anchoring means extending from saidA walls through said slabs into the space confronted by said Walls and the parts of the slabs marginally extending outwardly beyond said walls.

JOHN ALPIN GRAYDON. 

